• Conceptual planning: Developing the initial ideas and concepts for the project. 
• Feasibility studies: Assessing the technical and economic viability of the project. 
• Scope definition: Clearly outlining the boundaries and objectives of the project. 
• Design criteria establishment: Setting the standards and requirements for the project's design. 
• Process flow diagrams (PFDs): Creating diagrams that illustrate the flow of materials and processes within the project. 
• Utility requirements: Determining the necessary utilities like power, water, and other resources. 
• Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs): Developing diagrams that show the piping and instrumentation systems of the project. 
• Equipment specifications: Defining the requirements and specifications for the equipment needed in the project. 
• Cost estimation: Providing preliminary cost estimates for the project. 
• Risk assessment: Identifying potential risks associated with the project and developing mitigation strategies. 

Client endorsement: Obtaining approval from the client for the preliminary design and cost estimates.